Several authors of this work, from left to right: Catherine Murphy, Hanwei Wang, Yang Zhao, and Yun-Sheng Chen.
Researchers at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and the Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory developed a microscope that visualizes the invisible forces exerted by light at the nanoscale. This groundbreaking tool reveals the intimate tango between light, force, and temperature with unprecedented detail and speed.
Decoupled Optical Force Nanoscopy, or Dofn, is the brainchild of a team led by Yang Zhao, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and Zhao's colleagues at the Beckman Institute: Catherine Murphy, a professor of chemistry and Beckman's interim director; and Yun-Sheng Chen, an assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering.
Their work appears in Nature Communications.
The optical force maps show the temperature evolution of a gold nanorod upon illumination by light. The top row shows theory; and the bottom row shows experimental measurements using Dofn.
“Dofn is more than just a microscope," Zhao said. "It's a groundbreaking tool that deciphers the complex light-matter interactions on a scale so small it defies the limits of traditional microscopy, something that was once beyond our observational capabilities.”
The researchers explored the mechanics of how light can generate minute forces upon nanoscale specimens — a topic that has baffled scientists because of the elusive nature of these interactions. Dofn peels back the layers of this nanoscopic enigma, allowing for the observation of how these forces work and evolve in real time.
Imagine being able to witness a gold nanoparticle as it responds to light: heating up, expanding, and cooling in response to the gentle nudge of photons. Dofn makes this possible. It's akin to giving us a pair of glasses that can translate the subtle play of thermal and kinetic changes into a visual narrative.
This research underscores the potential of interdisciplinary collaboration in pushing the boundaries of biological and medical science.
"Dofn acts as a bridge over previous technological gaps, giving us the ability to explore and quantify how light-induced forces manifest as both pressure and heat at the nanoscale," said first author Hanwei Wang, a Ph.D. candidate in electrical and computer engineering at UIUC.
Zhao adds: "With this innovative tool, we're not just observing the effects of light's touch upon nanoscale objects; we're also seeing the thermal response of these objects to light's caress, something that has been out of reach until now."
These observations mark a paradigm shift in our ability to understand and harness the power of light in nanotechnology and beyond. From improving the precision of drug delivery to refining the design of nano-devices, the implications of these findings are a beacon for future innovations in molecules and cells.
“The development of a technique capable of probing rapid photothermal dynamics in nanosecond resolution at the level of single nanoparticles marks a significant stride forward in the precise characterization of nanomaterials," said Murphy. "The potential of this technique is immense; it promises a wide range of applications, from nanophononics, nanomedicine, mechanochemistry, mechanobiology, and biophysics.”
This research underscores the potential of interdisciplinary collaboration in pushing the boundaries of biological and medical science.
“The advent of Dofn is not merely an advancement in microscopy,” Zhao said. "It's a lens that brings the micro-dynamics of heat and light forces into focus, revolutionizing our ability to manipulate and control the very building blocks of nanotechnology.
“We're not just peeking into the nanoworld; we're stepping into it with a newfound clarity that promises to reshape our understanding of the universe at its most fundamental level.”
Editor’s note:
The paper titled “Visualizing ultrafast photothermal dynamics with decoupled optical force nanoscopy” can be accessed online here: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42666-9
Research reported in this press release was supported in part by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number R21GM139022. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Additional financial support was provided by the Innovative Science Accelerator Program (DK128851), the National Science Foundation (CHE-2107793), and the Hong, McCully, and Allen Fellowship.
Contact Yang Zhao at yzhaoui@illinois.edu
Media contact: Jenna Kurtzweil, kurtzwe2@illinois.edu
